Finnish-English Dictionary of Finance and Economics

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Finnish Words starting with letter «P»

results found: 697

Book Value, Price-to-Book

Price to Earnings ratio

Price to Sales Ratio, PSR, P/S ratio, price/revenues, price/sales

Price to Sales Ratio, PSR, P/S ratio, price/revenues, price/sales

bale

demarcate, mark

local development

local currency

local government, local administration, municipal government

local centre

Local Bill of Lading

local road, back road, country road

local community, local association

positioning and navigation

locality, district

Geographical Information System (GIS)

printer

compressed air

weight, mass

weight list, act of weighing, weight certificate

pre-press technician

weighted average price method

weighted average cost of capital, WACC

printed matter

frozen store room, cold store

packet, parcel

delivery van, van, delivery vehicle, delivery car

packing

compulsory acquisition, compulsory purchase, coercive acquisition

compulsory auction, executive auction

compulsory auction price

coercive measure

expropriation, compulsory purchase, confiscation

right to expropriate, right of expropriation; eminent domain

expropriation risk

requisition, expropriation

executive sale, forced sale, fire sale

forced sale value, liquidation value

easement by necessity

coercive measure

execution, enforcement

refugee quota

refugee travel documents

required

obligatory insurance

required reserve

force approval

coerce, compel, constrain, force

coercion

restore (possession), restitute, return

resilience plan, recovery plan

return, revert, refund, restoration, back-out

interest on the refund of prepaid tax

return guarantee

meeting

pallet

clear cutting (forest land, forests)

revealed preferences

wage amount variances

salary-related expenses

wage-setting curve

payroll accounting

allowance, bonus to a salary, premium, wage benefit, fringe benefit

wage payment

salary payment period

pay period, payroll period, period for which wages are paid

salaries

wages and salaries

personnel salaries, staff salaries, salaries of the staff

wage, salary

wage-price spiral

employer, hirer, leaseholder

advance wage payments, wages paid to employees in advance

salary advances

wage inflation

accrued salaries

pay period, payroll period, period for which wages are paid

pay-roll card

salary expenses, salary costs, wages and salaries

salary expenses, salary costs

payslip, wage slip, pay statement

pay sheet

pay rate, wage rate, employee's pay rate, salary range, pay grade, salary group, wage rates distribution, scale of pay rates, base wage rate

salaries and wages expense account

salary expenses, salary costs

pay rate, wage rate, employee's pay rate, salary range, pay grade, salary group, wage rates distribution, scale of pay rates, base wage rate

indirect employee costs

salary level, wage level

wage statistics

payroll account, salaries account, wages account

salary certificate

pay subsidy, wage subsidy, employment subsidy

wage income

pay security, wage security, the State secures an employee’s salary if an employer is unable to pay it

wage employment, work for hire, hired labour, wage work, wage labour

wage earner, wage worker

wage earner, wage worker

wage earner, wage worker

payroll tax, tax on wage income

payroll taxation

fee, charge, compensation, payment, remuneration, premium, award, subsidy, commission

premium rate

hurdle rate

remuneration

salary auxiliary account

sphere

fire precautions, fire protection (system of measures), fire protection

fire insurance

parcel, plot (land, forest)

parcel identifier

parcelling out, parcel out, subdivision

subdivision plan

return migration, remigration

return freight

service

service and sales workers

assisted living residence

service acquisition, service procurement, service purchase

sales income from services

packaged services

service costs

service catalogue

service fee, service charge

service provider

packaged services

service desk

the service call charge

services

services and equipment

service level agreement (SLA)

service equipment

panel data

bank

bank used check account limit

bank materials, bank documentation

banking card, debit card

bank charges

bank charges, bank cost

bank loan

bank loan repayments

bank loan repayment installments

bank money

cash in bank, bank receivables, cash in transit

bank account

bank bailouts, rescuing a bank in financial difficulties, bailout (from bankruptcy) of a bank

bank ID, bank identifier, bank identifier code (BIC); online banking code

bank errors

bank details

input

pledge, mortgage, mortgage property

lien commitment

contract of pledge, pledge agreement

pledge, pawn; collateral; deposit

mortgage deed, mortgage document, mortgage instrument, mortgage bond

holder of a mortgage deed

holder of a lien

lien, right of pledge

paper bill, paper invoice

paraffinic diesel

improvement, betterment

best response

Pareto dominant

Pareto criterion

Pareto improvement

Pareto efficient

Pareto efficiency curve

semi-detached house, two-family house, duplex

parliament

partner, co-operation partner

partner country

partner organisation

partnership statement

partnership agreement, co-operation agreement

partnership

passport expenses

customs transit

patent

Patent and Registration Office, Finnish Patent and Registration Office

patent application

patents fees, patent costs

patent family

patent protection, protection of inventions

peer-to-peer lending, P2P lending

reflection

hidden dividend, disguised dividend

disguised transfer of profit

game

game theory

clearing land for cultivation

field

arable energy

field type

commuting

embankment, bound

family business

principle

beneficiary, heir, legatee, successor

beneficiary, heir, inheritor, successor

distribution of inheritance, division of inheritance, estate distribution, hereditary portion

inheritance; collection, exaction, levy, debt collection

debt collection letter, letter of demand to debtor

collection costs, debt collection costs

collection list, debt collection list

collecting agency, collection agency

heritage, inheritance, legacy

estate and gift tax

Inheritance Code

estate tax, inheritance tax

period batch control

inherited loans

inherit

recover tax

deed of estate inventory, estate inventory deed

estate administrator

estate inventory

primary deficit

base map, main map

non-renovated, unrenovated

renovation, basic repair, capital repairs

fixed costs, basic costs, direct costs

basic charge

major part, main part

basic wage, basic pay

basic service

(capital) improvement, capital repairs

base rate, basic percentage

basic unemployment daily allowance

core fund, statutory fund

base, basis, foundation, basic, groundwork

set up a company, set up a business; to float (form) a company

founding documents, constituent documents

start-up notification

recognition and amortization of formation costs

formation costs

founding agreement, foundation agreement (contract), articles of association

baseline

unfounded

unjust enrichment

basic industry, heavy industry

basic info, basic information

basic activities

foundation, base, basis, substructure

basic research

basic tax, base tax

base rent

base period, base year

basic allowance for individuals with a low income; deduction from earned income granted to persons with a low income

basic unit

cancel invoice

rollback depreciation

rollback journal entries

cancel, annul, liquidate, revoke

irrevocable

trailer

estate, common property, property; housing, a family nest (about an apartment, about a house); debts

administrator of an estate

executor

distribution of an estate

renunciation of one's share in an estate

share in an estate

rule of thumb

Phillips curve

extension, prolongation

arrest, seizure, bust, confiscation, taking, apprehension, retention

smaller, less than

small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs

small project

ordinary least squares

minimum acceptable offer

lowest common denominator (L.C.D)

small group undertaking

minor shareholder

small investor

detached house, private detached house, private house

detached house area

small entrepreneur, small business owner, owner of a small business

small undertaking, small business

Pigouvian subsidy

Pigouvian tax

courtyard, yard

mixed-use street, street in residential area with traffic restrictions

homestead

latent defect, hidden defect

problem of hidden attributes

latent variable

hidden action

problem of hidden actions

disguised unemployment

circle, sphere, district; perimeter

quickie loan

contamination, shortages and losses from damage of values (accounting)

spoiled, spoilt, rotten, contaminated, tainted

contaminated land, polluted land

pilot study, pilot survey

under the table

area, territory, space, surface

Piotroski F-Score, Piotroski F-Score investment strategy

dot, point, period, score

long lasting; long term; long, prolonged

long-term receivables, non-current debtors

long-term interest bearing investments

long-term non-interest bearing receivables

long- term rent security deposits

long-term financial investments

long-term debtors

long-range investments

non-current assets, long term assets, fixed assets

non-current liabilities, long-term debts

long-term liabilities to shareholders, long-term amounts owed to shareholders

long-term unemployment

long-run equilibrium

long-term expenditure, long-term expenses

life interval, lifetime, duration of life, period, time, useful time, working life, expiration date, service (working) life

length

village, parish; owner, possessor, holder

small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs

plagiarism

plus

energy-plus-house, energy-plus-building

upset price, reserve price, starting price (auction), lowest starting price (at auction), base price

core inflation

base map

ground floor, lower floor; bottom layer; base

base interest, base interest rate, base rate of interest, lower interest limit

floor plan, plan drawing, layout

ground plan

basal area, base area, sectional area

groundwater pollution prohibition

water table

duty to treat groundwater

groundwater

base rent, minimum rent

deviation

deviation decision

deviation decision, exceptional permit, exceptional permission

cross-sectional, cross section

cross-sectional data

absence, non-attendance

delete, remove, eliminate, exclude, cancel, destroy, liquidate

written-down value, written down value

deletion, elimination, debiting, reduction, depreciation, physical depreciation, physical deterioration

write-off period

cumulative accelerated depreciation, depreciation reserve

deprecitation difference change, change in cumulative depreciation

depreciation difference

depreciation history

accruals for depreciation, accumulated depreciation

depreciation method

depreciation plan, depreciation schedule

depreciations

depreciation and reduction in value

depreciation on renovation (improvement) costs of a leasehold apartment

political accountability

political institutions

politics, policy

knock-down price, dumping price, low price, dirt cheap

fuel and lubricant costs

fuel surcharge

fuel tax, excise duty on fuels, excise duty on liquid fuels

polynomial

population density

reindeer husbandry

positive

positive risk

external benefit, positive externality

Post abroad VAT

post expenses

Shipping costs included VAT

postal code, Zip Code

postal address

city or town (postal place), post office

power (math.)

potential, possible

potential gross income

premium, bonus, remuneration, premium bonus

preferences

precedent

prioritization

priority, preemptive right

number of priorities

pro forma invoice

annuity method of depreciation

progressive policy

progressive tax: tax rate is higher the greater the income or wealth

project

project proposal, project proposition

project management

project development

project management

project management

project management

project planning

project actor

project creation

compounding

0,1%, parts per thousand, per mille

barge, lighter

percent

percentage

percent as decimal

percentage point

plant and machine operators, and assemblers

process innovation

protectionist policy

commission, dealer interest, royalties, commission fee

commission; remuneration of a continuous nature, the amount of which is agreed in the employment contract

psychologist

clean

telephone and internet costs

subsidised phone expenses, compensation for telephone

phone number

calls to service numbers

speech therapist

right to speak

municipal refuse collection, sanitation, waste collection, municipal waste collection, garbage collection, incineration, waste disposal, sewage disposal, cleanliness

arm's length transaction

park, garden

weighted average price method

semi-trailer

separate taxation of spouses; the income and wealth of one spouse does not affect the tax rate paid by the other spouse

joint taxation of spouses; the income and wealth of one spouse affects the progression of the other’s tax

ray (geometry)

bisector of angle

bisection

biannual payment, semiannual payment

semicircle

neutrality

party subsidy, assistance that parties receive from society's funds for their activities, party support is granted by the Government

pressing tools

cancel (a purchase), dissolve, disband, unpack, disassemble, dismantle, demolish, discharge, unload

terminate the contract

demolition, disassembly, dismantling, unloading, termination, unpacking

demolition permit, permit to demolish (e.g., building)

place of discharge

port of discharge

annulment, demolition, dismantlement, cancellation, dismantling

salvage value, liquidating value

(building) demolition decision

word of mouth, grapevine

repair and replacement of pipes, pipelines

decline, drop

wood heating

wood-destroying insect

growing stock, growing timber, tree stand, forest resources

garden city

treeless, without trees

defective application

missing markets

holiday, Sunday

article, section

number of permanent jobs

non-current assets

permanent settlement

enduring importance

sustainable impact

perpetual easement

permanently closed

non-current assets

parking costs

mark boundaries, set boundary signs, boundary

marker, boundary mark

request

asking price

request form

request parameters

rounding, adjustment

round (to nearest...)

day-to-day

convenience shop, convenience store

convenience goods

updating, dating

refresh data

on-call, on-call time

day, date

daybook, diary, journal

daily basis order, recording on a daily basis

date, term

market price method

daily allowance adjustment

per diem costs, daily allowance costs

per diem costs, daily allowance costs

subsistence allowance, per diem allowance, daily allowance

day population

date, dating

invalidity (of a document), groundlessness

action for invalidity, proceed against validity

null and void, void, invalid, incompetent, insolvent

expertise, competence

qualification requirement

valid, competent, professional, skilled; effective

master budget, comprehensive budget, financial budget

chief economist

metropolitan area

general ledger, GL

general ledger journals, GL journals

GL date, general ledger date

General Ledger import, G / L imports

general ledger, ledger

GL accounts, general ledger accounts

manager, chief, supervisor, co-ordinator

client, principal, customer; chief, head, leader

principal-agent relationship

prime minister

capital

capital and reserves

capital value, capitalised value, equity value

capital budgeting

capital goods

capital goods

equity capital, capital stock, stock capital, joint-stock, shareholders' equity, stockholders' equity

capital ratio

interest on equity, interest on principal, interest on capital

return of capital, replacement of capital

capital costs, marginal cost of capital, fixed capital expenditures, capital expenditure, CAPEX

investment costs, investment outlay, investment expenditure, capital cost

subordinated loan

capital flow, flow of capital, movement of capital

capital market

capital investment, investment, CAPEX

capital outlays, capital expenditure, capital costs, capitalized expenses, CAPEX

capital formation

capital investment, investment

capital accumulation, accumulation of capital, capital saving, wealth creation, stock accumulation

capital turnover, ratio of capital turnover

replacement of capital

capital flow, flow of capital, movement of capital, capital transfer, migration of capital

capital account, capital items (in the balance of payments)

capital investment, investment of capital, investment

capital investments

capital investment, investment

return on equity, return on capital

profit on capital, return from capital

ROI: return on investment, ROCE: return on capital employed

opportunity cost of capital

capital acquisition, acquisition of capital

capital loss

capital growth, capital appreciation, increase of capital

capital turnover, turnover of capital, turn-over of capital

interest rate, interest, capital interest

capital increase

capital flow, flow of capital, movement of capital

accumulation of capital, capital accumulation, stock accumulation, capital formation

owner of capital, holder of capital, capitalist, financier

capital outflow, outflow of capital, flight of capital, withdrawal of capital

return of capital

capital transfer, capital movement, migration of capital

capital investment, investment

import of capital, capital import

capital return, return on capital employed, return on capital (ROC), return on invested capital

export of capital, capital export

equity financing, equity funding, equity funds, capital financing

capital structure

capital receivable

capital investor

venture capital investment

capital investments

capital gains, capital savings

capital loss

balance on the capital account, capital account (enterprises)

production goods

main bank account, bank account, current bank account, financial account, capital account

capital income, earnings of capital, income from capital, income on capital, investment income

capital insurance

capital intensive

capital tax, tax on capital, tax on funds

capital gains

net-net-net rent, triple net rent, triple rent; absolute rent, absolute net rent

main property, basic property, major nature, main characteristic

capitalization

capitalisation

overall capitalisation rate, yield

all risks yield, capitalisation rate

main partner, senior partner, main shareholder, majority shareholder

main office, central office

main purchaser, main buyer

main raw materials

head of secretariat

mental calculation

agree, come to an agreement, come to terms, accept the terms, come (submit) to terms

emission

cap and trade, national measures to give companies an incentive to reduce their carbon emissions

emission allowance

emissions scenario

pollution

emission reduction

marginal productivity of emission reductions

emission reduction measures

proceeds from ticket sales, entrance fee income

access road

key objectives

terminal value, reversion value

final cutting

main factor, principal factor, crucial factor, dominant factor, driving factor

tax card of a primary activity

main business, main activity

lead partner, project lead partner, leading partner, leading applicant

expiration, termination

ending period

end date, final date

end at

ending, conclusion of cadastral survey proceedings, conclusion (of a contract)

final protocol

school leaving certificate, certificate of graduation, graduation diploma, graduation certificate, certificate of completion

main sign, main characteristic, major character

main production, mainline of production

main product, principal items of production, major items of production

main producer

basis for decision, racio decidendy

annulment of the decision, cancellation of the decision, cassation of the decision

basis for decision, racio decidendy

constitutionality of decision

suddenness of decision

decision-making

decision, resolution; judgment, court order

extension order, decision to extend the deadline

decision analysis

decision proposal

decision proposal

decision, resolution, determination, sentence

decision tree

summary balance, final balance, summary account

authorized, having a quorum, with a quorum, authorized meeting, meeting with a quorum

authorized meeting, quorum meeting

eligibility of the meeting, quorum

principal creditor

main win, main prize

principal tenant

lead partner, main partner

change, exchange, market, (stock, commodity) exchange

market value, market-value, commercial value, trading value

lot of securities, trading unit

exchange price, quotation, market-rate, stock prices, share price

stock speculator, gambler, speculator; scalper; bull; bear

exchange speculation, (stock) jobbery (jobbing); bull operation (speculation); bear operation (speculation)

exchange auction

exchange transaction, exchange operation; exchange trade, trading on the exchange, exchange trading; (stock-) exchange deal; forward (futures) operation (transaction); exchange (stock exchange) deal (transaction)

stock speculator, gambler, speculator; scalper; bull; bear; stock-exchange operator, stockbroker

stock market game, stock-exchange game; exchange speculation; (stock) jobbery (jobbing); bull operation (speculation); bear operation (speculation)

stock market speculator, stock market speculation office, stock market speculation firm

publicly traded, are listed at a stock exchange, are in demand at stock market, are in demand at exchange market

publicly traded goods, publicly traded commodities; commodities that are listed at a stock exchange

exchange rate, exchange prices, market-rate, stock prices, share price

exchange list, exchange gazette, (stock-)exchange bulletin, market report, (stock-)exchange report; stock exchange summary

boardman, exchange broker, stockbroker, trader, agency dealer, exchange broker, speculator, stock-exchange broker (operator)

exchange sale

electricity spot price

listed shares (stock); publicly traded shares

exchange (market) quotation; stock exchange quotation; market price, exchange rate, exchange price

listed share

stock-exchange (stock-market) game (gamble, gambling, speculation)

stock market day, (stock-)exchange day

unlisted securities; securities not admitted to exchange turnover

exchange electricity

the price of exchange electricity

the exchange electricity contract

boardman, exchange broker, stockbroker, trader, agency dealer, exchange broker, speculator, stock-exchange broker (operator)

public joint stock company, public company, publicly traded company, publicly held company, publicly listed company, public limited company; company whose shares аre freely traded on a stock exchange

under the table

proceedings, minutes, record

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